Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection that affects the central nervous system. It’s transmitted through the bite of infected ticks, primarily in wooded or grassy areas in parts of Europe and Asia.
- Symptoms can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe neurological complications and in rare cases, it can be fatal.
- An effective TBE vaccination is available and is recommended for those who live in or travel to regions where TBE is prevalent.
- Prevention of TBE also includes avoiding tick bites by wearing protective clothing and using insect repellents.
Tick-borne Encephalitis Vaccine: Vital for Outdoor Enthusiasts in Europe and Asia
What is Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE)?
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection transmitted by ticks that can lead to brain inflammation. It is most common in parts of Europe and Asia and can cause severe neurological damage. While many people infected with the TBE virus show no symptoms, some become very ill. In severe cases, the infection can progress to encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). Some who recover from TBE may experience long-term neurological damage, and in rare cases, TBE can be fatal. There is no antiviral medication available to treat TBE.
How is Tick-borne Encephalitis Spread?
TBE is spread through the bite of an infected tick, particularly in forested and rural areas. The risk is highest during tick season, which spans from late spring to early autumn. TBE can also be transmitted by consuming raw milk or cheese from infected goats, sheep, or cows.
Tick-borne Encephalitis Vaccine: Proven Protection for Decades
The TBE vaccine has been used in Europe for decades and is highly effective. It is administered in a series of doses, with the schedule tailored to your age and travel plans.
Who Should Get the Tick-borne Encephalitis Vaccine?
The TBE vaccine is recommended for travelers visiting areas where the TBE virus is prevalent and who are at risk of exposure to ticks based on their outdoor activities and itinerary. This includes hikers, campers, and hunters, as well as those living in or visiting rural areas.
TBE Vaccine Schedule for Children and Adults
The TBE vaccine is administered as a 3-dose primary series. Children aged 1 to 15 years receive a smaller dose compared to adolescents and adults aged 16 and older. It takes 6 to 12 months to complete the 3-shot series, so it’s important to plan ahead. A booster (fourth dose) may be given at least 3 years after the third dose for those at ongoing risk of exposure to the TBE virus.
How Travelers Can Stay Protected From TBE
In addition to vaccination, travelers can reduce their risk of TBE by avoiding tick bites. When hiking or spending time outdoors in TBE-endemic regions, wear proper footwear with high socks and long pants. Using insect repellent and pre-treating clothes with permethrin can provide additional protection against ticks and other biting insects. Since the longer a tick is attached, the higher the likelihood of infection, it’s important to perform periodic “tick checks” while outdoors.
Finding Tick-borne Encephalitis Vaccination Centers
Though more commonly found in Europe, the TBE vaccine is a specialized vaccine in the U.S. and is available only at select travel clinics, such as TravelBug Health. If you’re traveling to a high-risk area, plan ahead to get vaccinated before your trip.