Typhoid Vaccination for International Travel

Typhoid Fever: Drug Resistance and Health Impacts

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, known for its increasing drug resistance. It is common in areas with poor sanitation, and symptoms include high fever, weakness, and abdominal pain. Drug-resistant strains are becoming more prominent around the world, making treatment more difficult, so prevention is key. Click here to find out more about typhoid fever and travel.

Geographical Spread of Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is most prevalent in South Asia, Africa, and parts of Latin America. The country of India accounts for more than half of the world’s annual cases of typhoid. Travelers to these regions should be aware of the risks and consider vaccination, especially if they plan to stay for extended periods or eat from local vendors.

Severity of Typhoid Fever: What to Expect

Typhoid fever can be severe, leading to complications such as intestinal bleeding or perforation. In some cases, medical evacuation may be required, especially for infants, the elderly, or those with weakened immune systems. Early treatment is essential to reduce the risk of severe outcomes.

Injectable vs. Oral Typhoid Vaccine: Making the Choice

There are two types of typhoid vaccines: inactivated (injectable) and live (oral). The choice between them depends on factors like age, health status, and travel plans. The injectable vaccine is given as a single shot, while the oral vaccine requires multiple doses but lasts longer. The oral typhoid vaccine is taken on a specific schedule over the course of a week. The oral vaccine must be stored in the refrigerator, taken on an empty stomach and cannot be taken at the same time as antibiotics or acid-blocking medications. Your travel health specialist can help determine the best option for you.

Typhoid Transmission: Understanding the Risks

Typhoid fever spreads through contaminated food and water. It is particularly common in areas with inadequate sanitation. Practicing good hygiene and being cautious about food and water sources are essential preventive measures.

Determining Eligibility for Typhoid Vaccination

Typhoid vaccination is recommended for travelers visiting high-risk areas, particularly those who will have prolonged exposure to local food and water. This includes people visiting friends and relatives in their native countries, mission workers, and adventurous eaters.

Typhoid Vaccine Effectiveness: What Studies Show

Both types of typhoid vaccines are equally effective, but neither provides 100% protection. Combining vaccination with careful food and water precautions offers the best defense against the disease.

Longevity of Typhoid Vaccine Immunity

The injectable typhoid vaccine typically provides protection for two years, while the oral vaccine lasts for about five years. A booster dose is recommended if you’re still at risk after the initial protection period.

Combining Typhoid and Yellow Fever Vaccinations

Yes, you can receive typhoid and yellow fever vaccines at the same time. However, it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider to ensure there are no other contraindications or medication conflicts.

Additional Ways to Prevent Typhoid

In addition to vaccination, practice safe eating and drinking habits. This includes avoiding street food, drinking only bottled or boiled water, and eating fruits and vegetables that you can peel yourself.

Locating a Typhoid Vaccination

TravelBug offers both the injectable and oral forms of the Typhoid vaccines and we will discuss which one is more appropriate for you. Schedule a consultation to discuss your risk and get vaccinated before your trip.